АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Учебно-методическое пособие
для студентов-заочников
теплоэнергетического факультета
Санкт-Петербург
2007
Стоимость готового варианта контрольной работы ... руб. (за одну контрольную).
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Готовые работы продаются только в распечатанном виде
Выполнены следующие варианты контрольных работ:
Вариант 1 - К.р. 1, 2, 3, 4 Вариант 2 - К.р. 1 и 2 Вариант 3 - К.р. 1, 2, 4 Вариант 4 - К.р. 1, 2, 3, 4 Вариант 5 - К.р. 1 и 2
Вариант 03
Контрольная работа 1
Упражнение 1.
Перепишите предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова с окончанием "-s" и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно
1) показателем 3 лица единственного числа глагола в Present Simple,
2) показателем множ. числа существительного,
3) показателем притяжательного падежа существительного.
Предложения переведите.
1. When the electrons move to one direction an electric current results.
2. James Watt’s invention of the governor helped to regulate the speed of the machine.
Упражнение 2.
Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода определений, выраженных существительными (цепочка слов) и стоящих перед определяемым существительным (левое определение).
1. Pulverized coal furnaces are usually convertible to firing with oil or gas.
2. The flame shape determines the furnace width and depth dimensions.
Упражнение 3.
Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода степеней сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
1. Most fuel is burned near the exit from the furnace.
2. The better the equipment suits to the type of the fuel, the more its efficiency will be.
Упражнение 4.
Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода отрицательных и неопределенных местоимений.
1. In some plants pressures up to 5000psi are used.
2. Atoms contain electrons which are negatively charged, protons which are positively charged and neutrons which have no charge.
Упражнение 5.
Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода слов it, one(one\'s), that, these, those в разных значениях.
1. We used materials that contained lead.
2. One can say that heat is a form of energy.
3. It is now generally recognized: one of the most important problems of modern natural science is that of photosynthesis.
Упражнение 6.
Перепишите предложения. Определите в них залог, временные формы глаголов, укажите их инфинитив, предложения переведите.
1. This quality of energy is usually transformed into mechanical work.
2. The electrons will pass from one atom to another and electric current will flow.
3. These power stations were supplied with atomic fuel.
Упражнение 7.
Перепишите предложения. Переведите их, обращая внимания на оборот there is(are).
1. There were a lot of efforts and thoughts given for generating electricity.
2. For each particular fossil fuel there is a minimum temperature known as the ignition temperature.
Упражнение 8.
Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
Renewable energy sources
1. In the future the energy of the sun, wind, sea and the heat of underground waters will be used in a large scale. These are the so-called “free” energy sources. They will be utilized only when they are more profitable than the traditional ones because their exploitation is usually much more expensive than energy supply from large electric power stations which run on coal or nuclear fuel.
2. The utilization of the biomass – agricultural wastes and city runoff – can be found very effective: they can be employed in obtaining gas.
3. In addition it may happen that new energy sources will be discovered. What if, for example, the vacuum is a boundless ocean of matter in some specific state? Perhaps in the future man will discover some ways of getting energy from this matter? Or, for example, the undiscovered cosmic forces. Or the annihilation energy which arises from the fusion of matter and anti-matter.
4. Now this is fantasy which may become a reality. Unknown and undiscovered phenomena can be found more effective, than familiar ones.
Упражнение 9.
Из первого абзаца выпишите прилагательное в одной из степеней сравнения. Укажите три степени сравнения данного прилагательного и переведите его.
Упражнение 10.
Прочитайте третий абзац текста. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер, содержащий наиболее точный ответ на поставленный вопрос.
What new energy sources are indicated in the article?
1. The use of underground water.
2. The use of energy of vacuum matter, the annihilation energy which arises from the fusion of matter and anti-matter.
3. The use of energy of the sun and wind.
Контрольная работа 2
Упражнение 1.
Перепишите предложения, определите в них залог и временные формы глагола. Укажите их инфинитивы. Предложения переведите.
1. Scientists have produced a stable chemical compound to store the energy.
2. Some boilers are bottom supported.
3. A large energy drop can be dealt with in the first pressure stage of the impulse turbine.
Упражнение 2.
Перепешите предложения. Подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Предложения переведите.
1. The feedwater can be converted into saturated steam of high quality at some desired pressure.
2. To maintain a high heat transfer for the heater the water velocity should be high.
3. The feedwater is able to be converted into saturated steam.
Упражнение 3.
Перепешите предложения. Подчеркните в них причастия и определите их функцию. Предложения переведите.
1. The classification of the injectors is based on the force of energy used to break up the liquid.
2. The double suction permits forces acting on the impeller to be balanced, thus reducing the axial thrust on the shaft.
Упражнение 4.
Перепешите предложения. Подчеркните в них герундий и определите его функцию. Предложения переведите.
1. If steam is required for processing, a turbine may be modified by extracting the steam.
2. There are two general methods of firing fuel commonly used: a) on stationary grates; b) on stockers.
Упражнение 5.
Перепешите и письменно переведите текст.
1. In 1882 Thomas Edison (1847-1931) started to Pearl Street Station in New York for the purpose of supplying electricity to the users of the new incandescent lamp. Thus was laid the foundation for great central station industry which now supplies the general public with electric light and power.
2. Parsons (1854-1931) patented a reaction turbine in 1884, and in 1889 de Laval (1845-1913) was granted patents on an impulse turbine. By 1910 the steam turbine had replaced the reciprocating steam engine in the central station industry.
3. During the last decade, the gas turbine in the form of turbojet engines has replaced the reciprocating internal combustion engine in the military combat airplane and the faster and larger commercial aircrafts. The gas turbine is also being used in such applications as electric power generation, natural gas transmission line pumping and locomotives.
4. The development of the rockets revolutionized warfare with guided missiles and earth satellites. Since the rocket carries its own supply of oxygen for the burning of its fuel, it is capable of operating at altitudes where the earth’s atmosphere is highly rarefied.
Упражнение 6.
Выпишите из первого абзаца герундий. Определите его функцию в предложении и переведите.
Упражнение 7.
Прочитайте третий абзац и ответьте на вопрос:
What are the general uses of a gas turbine?
Контрольная работа 4
Упражнение 1.
Перепишите предложения. Переведите их, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение. Подчеркните придаточное предложение.
1. The condensing turbine is used chiefly for the low cost of electric power it produces.
2. In spite of many difficulties they consider the new turbines will arrive in time.
Упражнение 2.
Перепишите предложения и переведите их. Подчеркните глаголы "to have" и "to be" и определите их функцию в предложении.
1. Near the exit from the furnace most of the fuel has been burned.
2. The cyclone furnace is a water cooled horizontal cylinder into which coal is introduced.
3. If combustion is to be complete in a furnace of economical size, turbulence is essential.
Упражнение 3.
Перепишите предложения и переведите их. Укажите различные грамматические функции глаголов "should" и "would"
1. Mechanical draft at modern boilers should supplement the natural draft produced by the stack.
2. Were the system properly controlled, the necessary pressure would be maintained in the furnace.
3. Unless the pressure were not high, cooling water circulating between impellers would be sufficient.
Упражнение 4.
Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на различные значения выделенных слов.
1. We could not use the new equipment for it was not reliable.
2. For some decades the machine was in use.
3. They used a special arrangement of the burners due to the furnace width and depth dimensions.
Упражнение 5.
Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
1) All power and refrigeration plants contain equipment which has as its major function the transfer of heat from one fluid to another. This equipment includes boilers, superheaters, economizers, heaters, coolers, condensers and evaporators. All this equipment forms a heat exchanger. The same laws of heat transfers, fluid flow, and economics apply to all heat exchangers. Heat exchangers differ in design characteristics only because of the different functions which they perform and conditions under which they operate.
2) Every stationary power plant has two heat exchangers. They are the steam condenser and feed-water heater. These equipments differ in their relative position and their functions in the cycle. The purpose of the feed-water heater is to increase the overall efficiency of the cycle. This is accomplished by heating the boiler water before it enters the boiler. When the feed-water enters the boiler at high temperature, the boiler is relieved of the part of its load, and temperature stresses within the boiler are reduced. Feed-water heaters are designed as direct contact heaters or surface heaters.
Упражнение 6.
Выпишите из 1 абзаца глагол "to have" и определите его грамматическую функцию.
Упражнение 7.
Перечитайте 2-й абзац текста и ответьте на вопрос.
What is the function of feed-water heater in every stationary power plant?
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