Иностранный язык

Санкт-Петербургский Государственный Университет Аэрокосмического Приборостроения

Федеральное агентство по образованию
Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования
Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет аэрокосмического приборостроения
Английский язык
Методические указания и контрольные задания
Санкт-Петербург 2009 год

Стоимость готового варианта контрольной работы указана ниже, вы можете приобрести готовый вариант он-лайн.
Выполнены все варианты контрольных работ по английскому языку для ГУАП (технические специальности):

К.р.3, Вариант 2

Контрольная работа по английскому языку содержит 11-ть страниц А4, оформление word (присылаем на email файл word + pdf)

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них глагол-сказуемое, определите его время, вид и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
Например: is based – Pr. Simple Passive
1.Only in a few cases it has been possible to prepare material and devices in which the theoretical performance has been realized. 2. Various kinds of amplifiers had been used by that time. 3. Recently, much attention has been given to the study of this phenomenon. 4.The speed with which arithmetic operations are performed is affected by a number of factors. 5.The risks of going into orbit round the Earth, of returning to Earth are incalculable – an entirely new degree of human courage has been demanded. 6. The Newton’s law of motion can be subjected to criticism. 7. Remember that promises must be kept. 8. The room ahs not been slept in for many years. 9. We were listened to with much surprise. 10. This task must have been started by our opponents.

2. Поставьте глагол-сказуемое в следующих предложениях в страдательном залоге, стараясь сохранить время.
1. ? has not found the lost child yet. 2. ? The letters will be ready in a few minutes. ? is typing them now. 3. You can't go into the sitting room. ? is painting the walls. 4. When the doctor called to see the baby, ? was feeding him.

3. Из данных слов постройте предложения. Глаголы в скобках поставьте в нужную форму страдательного залога.
1. was (to blow off) – my hat – the wind.
2. her birthday – any of her friends – wasn’t (to forget).
3. children – their grandparents – are often (to spoil).
4. she – in the library – every day – can be (to see).
5. next year – is (to invite) – to England – she – to come.

4. Трансформируйте предложения в активный залог, используя слова they, we, somebody в качестве подлежащего, где это необходимо.
1. It is known that he can show us how to calculate using the computer. 2. The experiments on the new microcomputer must be finished in a month. 3. The last word will be said by the judge. 4. Today plastics are being applied for car bodies (корпуса автомобилей). 5. The construction of the dam has been completed this month.

5. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения глаголов to do, to be, to have.
1. Men had to learn to obtain electric power directly from the Sun. 2. The engineers are to study the problem of using cosmic rays. 3. Soon our industry will have new and cheap sources of energy. 4. The term Integrated Circuit is used to describe a group of electronic elements connected together. 5.It is necessary to use film circuits where the ratio of passive to active devices is high. 6. Some of the properties, which we now associate with semiconductors, have been known for a century or more. 7. Tubes have to be replaced by transistors in amplifiers. 8. They will do their work in time. 9.Don't allow the children to play in the street. 10. Did you buy flowers?

6. Трансформируйте следующие предложения в придаточные дополнительные, начав с фраз I knew, I thought, He said . Измените время глаголов-сказуемых в придаточных дополнительных в соответствии с правилами согласования времен. Произведите другие необходимые преобразования.
1. If the weather is fine on Sunday, we shall go to the country. 2. His knowledge in English is quite satisfactory though he makes some grammar mistakes. 3. Faraday produced electricity through magnetism, which had never been done before. 4. Last month my colleague went abroad where he intended to stay for two weeks. 5. We must speed up the work. I understand the necessity of this. 6. Each line can be programmed for input or output. 7. Some substances are alike in their properties but differ in their mass. 8. I have to do a lot of work about the house: washing up, doing the flat, cooking are my duties. 9. The first international chess match was played over 100 years ago. 10. Much attention will be given to artificial intelligence techniques applicable to problem solving and to man-machine interface.

7. Перепишите следующий диалог с целью передачи чужих высказываний в косвенной речи сначала в настоящем времени (Например, Professor says that Alec’s answer was rather good and……), а затем в прошедшем (Например, Professor said that Alec’s answer had been rather good and……). Помните, что при передаче чужого высказывания в косвенной речи действует правило согласования времен, если косвенная речь вводится глаголом в прошедшем времени!
Professor: Your answer was rather good. Would you answer a few extra questions? Alec: I'll try.
Professor: You know, a chip is a miniaturized electronic circuit. What elements does it contain?
Alec: A chip contains several hundred thousand electronic components – transistors, resistors and others.
Professor: Are there any other terms, which are synonymous to chip?
Alec: Yes, there are. They are integrated circuits and microelectronics.
Professor: What types of chips can you describe?
Alec: Logic chips and Memory chips. Logic chips perform some or all the functions of a processor. Memory chips are storage cells.
Professor: May larger computers use several types of microprocessors?
Alec: Yes, of course. Even desk computers use one or more microprocessors.
Professor: Your answer is good so you get a five.
Alec: Thank you, Professor, good-bye.

8. Передайте диалог, пересказанный в косвенной речи, в прямой речи.
When Alec met his friend David he said that he was interested to know what a programming language was. He knew each computer had a repertoire of operations to perform. So he wanted David to explain him if the notions a “machine language” and a “programming language” were the same.
David agreed and began. He said that to perform a task a user must choose the appropriate instructions from the repertoire and sequence them properly. So the means of specifying the instructions and their sequencing was called the “programming language”.
Then Alec guessed that machine language was in reality a programming language and David said that his friend was quite right. He only emphasized that it was the lowest level programming language, the language of binary 1’s and 0’s. Alec remembered that computer hardware understood only a binary program but he wanted if there were any drawbacks to machine level coding.
David answered that the drawbacks were numerous. The most inconvenient thing about the machine level coding was that it took a long time to learn, write and debug. He added that errors would very likely occur and the most unpleasant thing was that corrections were difficult to make.
When Alec asked why Davis replied that the language itself was abstract and perhaps Assembly Language was easier in use. Alec thanked his friend and said he would have to go to the library and read some manual on programming languages.

9. Сгруппируйте предложения в зависимости от функции герундия, а затем переведите на русский язык.
1. Casting is a process of forming metal objects. 2. Numerous methods have been developed for producing metal castings. 3. The test needed increasing the temperature of the metal. 4. There are some ways of obtaining high quality alloys. 5. Aluminum has a melting point of 658.7° C. 6. Melting may be done in cupolas, air furnaces, electric furnaces, etc. 7. Some metals require treatment before being placed in the melting furnace. 8. We know of electric furnaces being used for the production of high-grade castings. 9. Plastics are a new group of materials replacing natural products. 10.We know of metallurgical industry having made a great progress.

10. Перепишите предложения. Переведите группы выделенных слов, а затем и все предложение на русский язык.
1. In building new metallurgical factories, engineers have to solve many different problems. 2. In melting steel, electric furnaces, crucible furnaces and converters are used. 3. Liquids and gases expand on heating. 4. On completing the construction, the machine was tested in operation. 5. Casting is a process of forming metal objects by melting metal and pouring it into molds. 6. By introducing new methods the engineers increased the speed of manufacture. 7. High-quality programs can't be produced without employing qualified programmers. 8. Magnets made by rubbing pieces of iron against natural magnets are called artificial magnets. 9. Scientists succeeded in developing means of obtaining a synthetic rubber. 10. The hardening process consists in heating steel and cooling it in water.

11. Сравните приводимые ниже предложения с инфинитивом и покажите разницу их структурных моделей через перевод.
1. To be an ideal engineer means to have knowledge, to improve one's ability to analyze, synthesize and develop insight into one's field. To be an ideal engineer one is to have knowledge, to improve one's ability to analyze, synthesize and develop insight into one's field. 2. To master a foreign language is necessary for all students. To master English you must work hard. 3. To measure temperature is quite simple. To measure temperature it is necessary to choose some kind of temperature scale.

12. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык предложения с инфинитивом в функции определения.
1. A. Popov was the first to invent the radio. 2. They were looking for а knife to cut bread with 3. The article to be read is of great interest to us. 4. The text to be translated described first experiments with electricity. 4. What method is to be chosen in this case? 5. The method to be chosen in any particular case depends on many factors. 6. New types of telemetry equipment to operate with electronic computer is the subject of our next scientific conference.

13. Определите, является ли Ving форма причастием настоящего времени или герундием. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Heating the gas increases the speed of the molecules. 2. Having made the experiment, the research engineer recorded the data. 3. Translating from one language to another we can use electronic dictionaries. 4. Translating from one language to another has been accomplished by a qualified engineer. 5. The failure was due to the operator’s having been careless in using the instrument. 6. Most applications requiring storage and manipulation of small amounts of digital information use registers. 7. The numbers must be carefully stored for arithmetic processing. 8. The home remote control system operates by transmitting coded information on the power lines running throughout the house. 9. The task is performed by starting with the first step in the program, then proceeding immediately to the next step. 10. Very soon the microprocessor will be integrating various energy sources for most efficient environmental control.

14. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующий текст.
There has long been an interest in language translation and, in particular, in the prospects of automatic translation by computer.
In the 1960s when the translation studies began, there was already considerable stirring among professional linguists and others about the efficiency of translation by computer or machine translation (MT). At that time different modes of translation were compared. That is, human translations against different versions of MT. Soon the researchers conducting the studies were able to add to their observations from the output of the latest MT system that had become operational. Within a year, they submitted a Russian paper for translation by the then operational MT system. Two characteristics of MT output are: 1) untranslated words and 2) translated words that have two or more meanings in the target language¹. An examination of the post-translation editing showed that many corrections had been made: each of the approximately 80 sentences had had some corrections and modifications, most of them being extensive. About 35% of the English words had been altered by the editor.
It would be unwise to conclude on a less-than-optimistic note. However, it is apparent that little progress has been made during recent years. There are no demonstrated advantages of MT over human translations. Other methods should be applied to determine the readability of translation. Researchers are now collecting such data.
¹the target language – зд. язык, на который делался перевод