Иностранный язык

Санкт-Петербургский государственный аграрный университет

Санкт-Петербургский государственный аграрный университет
Министерство сельского хозяйства РФ
Кафедра иностранных языков
Методические указания к контрольным заданиям
для студентов агробиологических и агроинженерных направлений
заочной формы обучения
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Санкт-Петербург
2010

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Готовы следующие варианты:

К.р.2_Вариант 5

AGRICULTURAL HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Agriculture is a major industry in the United States and the country is net exporter of food. As for the last census of agriculture in 2009, there were 2.2 million farms, covering area of 922 million acres, an average of 418 acres per farm.
European agriculture practices greatly affected the New England landscape. Colonists brought livestock over from Europe which caused many changes to the land. Along with livestock changing the plant species in New England from the original native species to European species they also contributed to the deterioration of the forests and fields.
Soil exhaustion was a huge problem in New England agriculture. Plowing with oxen did allow the colonist to farm more land but it increased erosion and decreased soil fertility. In the U.S., farms spread from the colonies westward along with the settlers. In cooler regions, wheat was often the crop of choice when lands were newly settled. Also very common in the Midwest was farming. After the "wheat frontier", more diversified farms including dairy cattle generally took its place. Warmer regions saw plantings of cotton and herds of beef cattle. In the south, raising tobacco and cotton was common. In the northeast, slaves were used in agriculture until the early 19th century. In the Midwest, slavery was prohibited by 1787.
The introduction and broad adoption of scientific agriculture since the mid nineteenth century has made a large improvement in the USA's economic growth. Soybeans were not widely cultivated in the United States until the 1950s, when soybeans began to replace oats and wheat.
Significant areas of farmland were abandoned during the Great Depression and incorporated into nascent national forests.

Questions:
1. Is agriculture main industry in the United States of America?
2. How many farms were there in 2009 according to the last census of agriculture?
3. Did European agriculture practices greatly affect the New England landscape?
4. What was a huge problem in New England agriculture?
5. What was the crop of choice in cooler regions?
6. What kind of plantings did warmer regions see?
7. What has made a large improvement in the USA’s economic growth?

Дата выполнения: 23/08/2013