Санкт-Петербургский государственный аграрный университет
Министерство сельского хозяйства РФ
Кафедра иностранных языков
Методические указания к контрольным заданиям
для студентов агробиологических и агроинженерных направлений
заочной формы обучения АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Санкт-Петербург
2010
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Готовы следующие варианты:
К.р.2_Вариант 2
AGRICULTURE IN GREAT BRITAIN
For the period of latest decades Great Britain's agriculture saw a significant
increase in scientific and technical level and profitability of agro-industrial complex.
Countries support kites at the cost of local resources (the growth since postwar time
rose from 1/3 to 4/5): a full self-sufficiency is reached by such products as milk, a
high self-sufficiency have eggs, poultry, wheat, oats, barley, and potato: imported are
fruits, butter, sugar, and cheeses. Due to conditions occurred in the EU imported
goods cost more as compared to opportunities of foodstuffs import from the former
colonies: this creates continuous controversies between Great Britain and other
members of the UK. The British agriculture is nowadays one of the most efficient
and mechanized in the world. The share of employment in the field amounts 2% of
the total employment in the country. The total area of farmlands is 58.3 mln ha (76%
of the total area of the country). Animal husbandry prevails in the structure of
agricultural production. Developed are dairy and beef cattle breeding, pig husbandry,
beef sheep and poultry husbandry for meat.
Great Britain is one of the largest suppliers of sheep wool. Traditionally,
animal husbandry is concentrated in river basins. Nearly 60% of tillage in crop
husbandry is occupied by permanent grasses, more than 28% - by cereal crops
(including wheat 1 5%, barley - 11 %), 12% -by industrial crops (rapeseed. sugar
beet, flax) and feeding crops (including potato), and also by-vegetable gardens and
small-fruit crops, ['lie main crop-producing areas are fast England and the Southeast.
There are many fruit gardens in Great Britain. Agriculture uses generous
government support and receives donations from the KU budget.
Production volumes exceed the volumes of consumption by such products as
wheat, barley, oats, and pork; production volumes are lower than the volume of
consumption by such products as potato, beef, mutton, wool, sugar and eggs.
Therefore, Great Britain has to import many of the necessary products. The country
imports 4/5 of butter, 2/3 of sugar, a half of wheal and bacon, ¼ of beef and veal
consumed in the country.
The country occupies sixth place among KU members in terms of agricultural
production volume. The area of farmlands in use as of June 2007 amounted to 17.4
mln ha, which makes nearly 77% of the countries area.
General dynamics of the British agriculture development in 2007 in terms of
the main agricultural items cost at market prices had the following indices: wheal
production increased by 21.9% (to 1.3 bin pounds sterling); barley production by
39.7% (to 538.5 mln P.St); production of vegetable oil by 35.8% (to 421.5 mln P.St).
production of sugar beet fell 3.5%, (to 171.9 mln P.St) (see Table 1); production of
fresh vegetables rose 5.3% having reached 1.1 mln P.St; production of plants and
flowers climbed 4.0% (to 781.5 mln P.St): potato production increased b> 6.9% (to
664 mln P.St); production of fresh fruits- by 16.1% (to 445 mln P.St); pork
production by - 7.3% (to 775 mln P.St); production of beef - by 4.9% (to 1.7 bin
P.St): mutton production decreased by 7.8% (to 628 mln P.St); production of poultry
remained at the level of the previous year (1.2 bin P.St): milk production went up
13.3% (to 2.8 bin P.St); production of eggs by 13.5% (to 410 mln P.St).
Questions.
1. When did Great Britain’s agriculture see a significant increase?
2. What is British agriculture nowadays?
3. Does Agriculture use government support and receive donations?
4. What products does the country import?
5. What place does the country occupy?
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